I don’t think Google “taking a page” out of the Apple playbook is quite the right analogy. It’s more like both companies were reading the same book to begin with—tight control over a market means you can extract more value out of it without needing to worry about competition.
“Voter ID” refers to the fact that the voter must have an ID card. You can use any ID and some ID-like documents as well (such as a firearms license). In states where these laws are in place, voters who do not possess an ID card or passport book when they go to the polling station will not be allowed to vote. The part I highlight is that there are no acceptable ID cards for voting that can be easily obtained free of charge. Some states that have voter ID laws will allow people to obtain a “voter identity certificate” that can be used to vote, however, obtaining one usually requires a trip to the motor vehicle agency.
This is a voter suppression tactic. The goal is to make it more difficult for people whose political leanings you want to discriminate against to vote. In all cases in the US, these tactics are used against left-leaning voters or those who live in left-leaning areas. A common voter suppression scheme usually has these properties: